“Lawan” Orang Yehuda Dan Benyamin: Sebuah Tinjauan Terhadap Teks Ezra 4:1-3

Jonathan Wijaya

Abstract


Abstract:

Inevitably, the author of the book of Ezra did not write without a reason or agenda. Because it is clear that the writing of the book of Ezra is historiographic, this means that the writer of the book of Ezra had a purpose when he wrote and identified the people who wanted to help the tribes of Judah and Benjamin (from the land of exile) in the process of building the Temple of God as "opponents". So, why did the book's writer of Ezra identify them as “opponents”? With the steps of investigating the Old Testament by focusing on investigating the term "opponent" by paying attention to the historical context and context of the text, to produce a clear identity of the term "opponent", the author will show that the aim of the author of the book of Ezra was to invite his readers to a holy life. Means not being polluted by those who worship other than YHWH. Moreover, our writer Ezra wants to show that their bid to build the Temple had a plan to thwart the construction. To achieve this, the author will divide this article into four parts. First, the author will explain the historical context of Ezra 4:1–4. Second, the author will explain the textual context of Ezra 4:1–4. Third, the author will present the interpreter's view regarding Ezra 4:1–4. Finally, the author will conclude that the people of Judah and Benjamin did not want to blend in and involve them ("opponents") in the construction to maintain their holiness and the Temple of God. In addition, the identity of the “opponents” of the people of Judah and Benjamin is proven by the delay in constructing the Temple, approximately 20 years (cf. Ezra 3:3; 4:4–24).

 

Abstrak

Tidak dapat dielakkan, penulis kitab Ezra tidak menulis tanpa ada alasan dan agendanya. Sebab nyata tulisan kitab Ezra bersifat historiografi. Itu berarti bahwa penulis kitab Ezra memiliki tujuan ketika ia menulis maupun mengidentifikasi orang-orang yang ingin membantu suku Yehuda dan Benyamin (dari tanah pembuangan) dalam proses pembangunan Bait Allah sebagai “lawan”. Lantas, apa alasan penulis kitab Ezra mengidentifikasi mereka sebagai “lawan”? Dengan langkah-langkah penyelidikan Perjanjian Lama dengan fokus pada penyelidikan istilah “lawan” dengan memperhatikan konteks historis dan konteks teks, sehingga dihasilkan identitas yang jelas dari istilah “lawan”, penulis akan menunjukkan bahwa tujuan penulis kitab Ezra adalah untuk mengajak pembacanya untuk hidup kudus yang berarti tidak tercemar dengan mereka yang menyembah selain YHWH. Selain itu, penulis kita Ezra ingin menunjukkan bahwa tawaran mereka untuk membangun Bait Allah memiliki suatu rencana untuk menggagalkan pembangunan itu sendiri. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut, penulis akan membagi tulisan ini menjadi empat bagian. Pertama, penulis akan memaparkan konteks historis Ezra 4:1–4. Kedua, penulis akan memaparkan konteks tekstual dari Ezra 4:1–4. Ketiga, penulis akan menyampaikan pandangan penafsir mengenai Ezra 4:1–4. Terakhir, penulis akan memberikan kesimpulan bahwa orang Yehuda dan Benyamin tidak ingin membaur dan melibatkan mereka (“lawan”) di dalam pembangunan tersebut untuk menjaga kekudusan mereka, serta Bait Allah. Selain itu, identitas “lawan” orang Yehuda dan Benyamin terbukti dengan terhambatnya pembangunan Bait Suci, kurang lebih 20 tahun (lih. Ezra 3:3; 4:4–24).


References


Arnold, Bill T., dan Bryan Beyer. Encountering the Old Testament: a Christian survey. Third Edi-tion. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2015.

Breneman, Mervin. Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther. Vol. 10. The New American Commentary. Nash-ville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1993.

D’hulst, Lieven. “(Re)locating Translation History: From Assumed Translation to Assumed Transfer.” Translation Studies 5, no. 2 (Mei 1, 2012): 139–155.

D’hulst, Lieven. “Translation History.” Dalam Handbook of Translation Studies, diedit oleh Yves Gambier dan Luc van Doorslaer, 397–405. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2010.

Fensham, F. Charles. The books of Ezra and Nehemiah. New international commentary on the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, Mich: Eerdmans, 1982.

Goldingay, John. An introduction to the Old Testament: exploring text, approaches & issues. Down-ers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2015.

Hamilton, James M. Exalting Jesus in Ezra and Nehemiah. Christ-Centered Exposition. Nash-ville: Holman Reference, 2014.

Jamieson, Robert. A Commentary, Critical, Experimental, and Practical, on the Old and New Tes-taments. Vol. 2. Glasgow : William Collins, 1871.

Jamieson, Robert, A. R. Fausset, dan David Brown. Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible. Vol. 1. Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, 1997.

Kidner, Derek. Ezra and Nehemiah: An Introduction and Commentary. Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries 12. Downers Grove: IVP Academic, 2009.

Longman, Tremper, dan Raymond B Dillard. An Introduction to the Old Testament. Grand Rap-ids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2009. Diakses Agustus 16, 2020. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=278901.

Mathews, Kenneth A. “The Historical Books.” Dalam Holman Concise Bible Commentary, diedit oleh David S. Dockery. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1998.

McConville, J. G. Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther. Daily study Bible--Old Testament. Philadelph-ia: Westminster Press, 1985.

———. Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther. The Daily study Bible. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1985.

Rundle, Christopher. "Historiography." Dalam The Routledge Handbook of Translation History, diedit oleh Mona Baker dan Gabriela Saldanha, 1–12. Ed. ke-3. London: Routledge, 2022.

Shepherd, David, dan Christopher J. H. Wright. Ezra and Nehemiah. The Two Horizons Old Testament commentary. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans, 2018.

Stuart, Douglas. Eksegese Perjanjian Lama. Malang: Gandum Mas, 1994.

Van Wijk-Bos, Johanna W. H. Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther. 1st ed. Westminster Bible com-panion. Louisville, Ky: Westminster John Knox Press, 1998.

Walton, John H, Victor H Matthews, dan Mark W Chavalas. IVP Bible Background Commen-tary: Old Testament. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2014. Diakses Agustus 16, 2020. http://qut.eblib.com.au/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=2029824.

Walton, John H., Victor H. Matthews, dan Mark William Chavalas. The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament. Electronic. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2000.

Martin, John A. “Ezra.” Dalam The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures, diedit oleh J. F. Walvoord dan R. B. Zuck. Vol. 1. Wheaton: Victor Books, 1985.

Wiersbe, Warren W., dan Warren W. Wiersbe. The Wiersbe Bible commentary: the complete Old Testament in one volume. 2nd ed. Colorado Springs, CO: David C. Cook, 2007.

Wijaya, Jonathan, Daniel Agus Triantoro, Gresiane Poalam, Kheny Kezia Margono, dan Lois Angelica Bensohur. “Perceraian Dan Kekudusan Bangsa Yehuda : Sebuah Tinjauan Terhadap Teks Ezra 10:3” (2021). Diakses Desember 2, 2022. http://repository.seabs.ac.id/handle/123456789/1051.

Williamson, H. G. M. Ezra, Nehemiah. Word biblical commentary 16. Waco, Texas: Word Books, 1985.

Williamson, Hugh Godfrey Maturin. Word biblical commentary. 16: Ezra, Nehemiah. 5. print. Waco, Texas: Word Books, 1985.

“Ezra - Free Bible Commentary in easy English.” Diakses September 7, 2020. https://www.easyenglish.bible/bible-commentary/ezra-lbw.htm.

“Ezra 4 Interlinear Bible.” Diakses September 7, 2020. https://biblehub.com/interlinear/ezra/4.htm.

“Israel Post issues Cyrus Declaration stamp 16 Apr 2015.” Diakses September 8, 2020. https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/israelexperience/history/pages/israel-post-issues-cyrus-declaration-stamp-16-apr-2015.aspx.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.47596/sg.v4i2.223

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.



SOLA GRATIA diindeks oleh:


Published: Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Aletheia
Address: Aletheia Theological College, Jl. Argopuro No.28-34, Lawang, Kec. Lawang, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur 65211
Website E-Jurnal: http://sttaletheia.ac.id/e-journal/index.php/solagratia/index
e-ISSN 2723-2794, p-ISSN 2723-2786 Lisensi Creative Commons
Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional.
Copyright © SOLA GRATIA: Jurnal Teologi Biblika dan Praktika. All Rights Reserved.